IN PRESS

Title: EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES, TOTAL PHENOLIC AND TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENTS OF PLANT EXTRACTS LAVANDULA STOECHAS LINN
Author: Brijesh Sirohi and Rakesh Sagar
Keyword: Lavandula Stoechas Linn, Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial, Total Flavonoid, Total Phenolic content.
Page No: 6-11
DOI: 10.30876/JOHR.8.2.2019.06-11

Abstract: Lavandula Stoechas is a Plant of the Lamiaceae/Labiatae family. The aim of this study was to screen the Phytochemicals, to evaluate the total flavonoid and total Phenolic contents as well as an Antimi crobial activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Lavandula Stoechas. Plant material was extracted by using hydroalcoholic solvent for 2 h and repeated 3 times. Total flavonoid content was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric assay on 420 nm. Total Phenolic content was determined with Folin-Ciocalteu 1:4 on 765 nm using microplate reader. Phytochemical screening showed that all of samples positively contain alkaloid, glycoside, flavonoid, phenolics, carbohydrate, diterpenes and saponin. Total flavonoid content was found to be 9.31(QEmg/100mg) where as total Phenols was found to be 5.52 (GAEmg/100mg). Which could be related to its higher Phenolic content. It can be hypothesised that the high contents of Phenolic compounds of Lavandula Stoechas indicated that these compounds contribute to the Antimicrobial activity and can be regarded as promising plant species for natural sources of Antimicrobial activity with potential value for treatment of many life threatening diseases.Download PDF

Title: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AMONG PHARMACISTS AT THE UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITALS IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA
Author: Steward Mudenda, Fred Fredrick Bangara, Jonathan Sitali, Michelo Banda
Keyword: Antibiotic resistance; Knowledge; Attitude; Practices; Pharmacists
Page No: 12-24
DOI: 10.30876/JOHR.8.2.2019.12-24

Abstract: Antibiotic resistance is a global public health problem that affects everyone. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practices on antibiotic resistance among pharmacists at the Univ ersity Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia. This descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 46 randomly selected hospital pharmacists from November 2018 to February 2019. Data was analysed using Statistical Packaging for Social Sciences version 20. Statistical associations were done using Chi-square, Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney and McNemar-Bowker test. Statistical significance was conducted at 95% confidence level with a p<0.05 to indicate statistical significance. The majority of participants 24/46 (52%) were males while 22/46 (48%) were females (p=0.883). Majority of the participants were in the age group of 26-30 years old (p=0.010), the minimum age was 23 and maximum age was 47 years, mean age was 32.11 years, a standard deviation of 6.533, p=0.263. The majority of participants 28/46 (61%) were married (p=0.185), the majority of participants 24/46 (52%) had worked for a period of 1-5 years (p<0.001). All participants 46/46 (100%) were pharmacists (p<0.001) and were all Christians (p<0.001). Majority of the participants had adequate knowledge, positive attitude and good practices towards antibiotic resistance based on their responses to the questionnaire. Statistical tests showed no association between knowledge and attitude (p=0.693), knowledge and practices (p=0.409), and between attitude and practices (p=0.226). The majority of pharmacists at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka have good knowledge, positive attitude and good practices towards antibiotic resistance. Additionally, there was no association between knowledge and attitude (p=0.693), knowledge and practices (p=0.409), and attitude and practices (p=0.226). Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Knowledge; Attitude; Practices; Pharmacists Download PDF

Title: DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FAST DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF GLIBENCLAMIDE
Author: Dillip Kumar Brahma, Neeraj Sharma
Keyword: Diabetes mellitus, Glibenclamide, fast disintegrating tablets
Page No: 25-31
DOI: 10.30876/JOHR.8.2.2019.25-31

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is an important public health concern that affects more than 170 million individuals worldwide. It is expected that the number of people suffering from diabetes in the globe will rea ch approximately 5 million, or almost 10% of the population, by 2025 and it is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Diabetes is a multi-organ disease independent of age, race and gender. The condition caused by a lesion in the beta cells of the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is a long term metabolic disorder that characterized by high blood sugar , insulin resistance ,and relative lack of insulin/ The prepared tablets were adequately hard to withstand pressure the hardness ranged from. The friability from the tablets was less which represent less loss of free particles. The weight variation and wetting were within limits. The dissolution of prepared tablets was relatively fast. Download PDF

Title: FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL ANTI-DANDRUFF SHAMPOO CONTAINING TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM SEED EXTRACT.
Author: Shifa A. Sheikh* and Dr. D. C. Goupale
Keyword: Trigonella foenum-graecum; Anti-fungal; Anti-bacterial; Anti-dandruff; M. furfur; Staphylococcus; Extract; Herbal shampoo.
Page No: 32-36
DOI: 10.30876/JOHR.8.2.2019.32-36

Abstract: Hair dandruff is not a life threatening problem yet it often threatens your mental peace, you do not wish to be embarrassed by the white flaky dandruff powder all over shoulder. “Dandruff” is the mild form of seborrheic dermatitis is an inflammatory condition that is characterized by flaking and shedding of dead scalp at an abnormally high rate. Natural herbs are good solution for dandruff and “Fenugreek” i.e. Trigonella foenum-graecum is a natural herb which helps in killing a type of fungus i.e. Malassezia furfur and bacteria i.e. Staphylococcus which causes dandruff. Many scientist have confirmed that fenugreek contain a large amount of lecithin which is a natural emollient and give power to hair. A study shows the anti-fungal activity of fenugreek germinated seed extract at concentration of 0.35g/ml[1 ml of extract and 3 ml of water(1:4)]was found to be more effective in declining growth of dandruff causing fungus Malassezia furfur. Concluding that, the use of fenugreek seed extract was functional in inhibiting the growth of microorganism. Hence, the anti-dandruff shampoo containing Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seed extract is found to be effective in treatment of dandruff.Download PDF